…. Structure, governance, ethics
As Nigeria braces for strong development of up to 10% in the next few years, sound economic and regulatory management becomes the most important path to recovery for government and the people. Business must also be an engine for growth. And to stimulate trade, partnerships, productivity, economic and social development, as well as decongest Nigerian roads and feed the Inland Dry Ports, long-term investments in railways is key for reactivation, employment, and regional stability. Across the country, we are seeing the benefits of a well-funded railway modernization, with strong targets championed by influential decision makers, led by President Muhammadu Buhari, supported by Rt. Hon Rotimi Amaechi. This will roll on the back of the railway system, efficiently managed. And this is happening now, with Nigerian Railway Corporation’s focused pursuit of global distinction on the watch of Engr Fidet Okhiria.
A train pulls into Iju or Ijoko-Itoki station, in a suburb of Lagos at 7am. You jump in to beat traffic as residents of neigbouring settlements serving an area about 500,000 people now depend on either of these stations, to catch the railway to get to work in Lagos. Travelling by road is a slow and costly alternative if you are going to areas like Ikeja, Yaba, Mushin, Ebute Meta , Iddo. A 30-minute train ride from Iju station takes you to Ebute Meta station on mainland Lagos where the headquarters of Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) is located. The station is housed within an old railway compound built during British rule in Africa. This is where Engr Okhiria, Managing Director of the Nigerian Railway Corporation and his team distil the efficient running of the corporation. The result is apparent. And it stands out as a testimony to the determination of the nation and its leadership to excel even in the face of many challenges.
The new high-speed trains on the double-track standard gauge Lagos –Ibadan railways thunder through that place twice daily. One takes-off at the Mobolaji Johnson Terminal, Ebutte metta, at 8a.m for Ibadan, while another takes-off from Ibadan to Lagos at the same time in a two hour journey. Freight railways also thunder though, hauling containers from Apapa ports, as President Buhari brings back the glory days of railways to life once again, in a practical pursuit that has positive ramifications for jobs, industry and prosperity.
President Buhari’s administration has turned into reality the vision of a fascinating and empowering development etched on the consciousness of Nigerians by bringing railways back on track in an ambitious 25 years development plan to upgrade the railways. It is upgrading the rail from single track called narrow guage to a wider track, known as the standard guage. This is part of the National Integrated Infrastructure Master Plan (NIIMP), a multi-billion-dollar series of infrastructure projects upgrading rail, land and maritime trade routes.
Through the NIIMP, government is busy constructing new modern railways and fixing antiquated tracks – that have been built for decades since the colonial days. Despite the paucity of funds, the Buhari government is passionate about making Nigerians happy. So it pushes ahead with expansion and modernization of the railways network. The aim is to cut the spiralling cost of transporting goods around the country, boost property values outside the cities, and make travelling around the country cheaper, enjoyable, safer. Government is doing this to improve the quality of life of Nigerians and that of future generations.
On Thursday June 10, President Muhammadu Buhari flew into Lagos from Abuja. He was in town to perform an important ceremony that was to deliver an incredible piece of history.
Nobel Laureate Prof Wole Soyinka; Minister of Transportation Rt. Hon. Rotimi Amaechi; Minister of Works and Housing Babatunde Fashola; Minister of Information Lai Mohammed, and several other dignitaries were with him. Governors including Babajide Sanwo-Olu of Lagos State; Seyi Makinde of Oyo State; Kayode Fayemi of Ekiti State; Dapo Abiodun of Ogun State were present at the event. Also present were top civil servants, including Dr. Magdalene Ajani, Permanent Secretary, Federal Ministry of Transportation.
The president was at the Ebutte Metta Terminal of the Nigerian Railway Corporation for the commissioning ceremony of the $1.5 billion 157-kilometre Lagos-Ibadan standard gauge railway project, linked to the Apapa port, for full commercial activities. Named after the first governor of Lagos state, Brig-Gen Mobolaji Johnson, the terminal can rival the Ikeja airport. Construction work on it started in 2017, modern tracks connecting the bustling coastal city of Lagos to Nigeria’s third-largest city, Ibadan, in the second stage of the government’s railway modernization project.
For shippers and manufacturers who have been having difficulties transporting their goods to different parts of the country, President Buhari has rescued them from high cost of transport and insurance cover. The functioning of the railway would boost their businesses in no small measure. It will also eliminate the heavy gridlock at Apapa port, reduce road accidents and reduce the stress on Nigerian roads, caused by articulated vehicles.
“This vital line establishes an end-to-end logistic supply chain in railway transport within its short corridor, Lagos-Ibadan, as goods to the hinterland would now be transported by rail directly from the Apapa port Quayside straight to the Inland Container Depot located in Ibadan from where it can be distributed to other parts of the country,” a very happy President Buhari said.
“We have in the rail sector, further to other ongoing railway infrastructure projects, embarked on the completion of the outstanding segment of the Lagos-Kano railway, which is Ibadan-Kano. The Lagos-Kano railway project, when completed, will link the Kano-Maradi line at Kano and a rail link from the Nigeria southern ports of Lagos to Maradi in the Niger Republic.”
He explained that from the beginning of his administration, railway infrastructure development has been given the priority it deserves and various milestones have been reached. Now the railway effect is being felt.
In the words of the Lagos State Governor Babajide Olusola Sanwo-Olu, the standard gauge rail project is a testament to the Federal Government’s investment in Lagos State.
“It is indeed a pride to see a project start and end within the life span of an administration. The social and economic importance of this project cannot be overemphasized. The commissioning of this rail line has made it possible for people to work in Lagos and live in Ibadan.”
On 25 January, China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation, the contractor handling the Lagos-Ibadan railway project, did announce that it had linked the Lagos-Ibadan rail tracks to the Apapa port.
The link ‘has become an important transportation passage for the import and export of goods, and now serves as a significant guarantee with regard to the comprehensive operational efficiency of the railway,’ the Chinese construction company said in its statement.
For many Nigerians who are forced to deal with daily sitting inside commuter buses or cars on congested, damaged roads after years of neglect in densely populated cities such as Lagos, Ibadan, Abuja and Kaduna, the lines have been blessings, making life easier for common Nigerians. It will also help businessmen and importers, making things easier, faster, cheaper for them.
Engr Fidet Okhiria, Managing director of the Nigerian Railway Corporation, says the Lagos-Ibadan railway project will “bring a great boost to our economy in the sense that it is linked to the port. The value of commercial activities in Apapa has basically gone down because of the traffic problem.”
He continues: “Let’s say just three trains from Apapa in a day, and we are talking about [removing] close to a hundred trucks [from the congestion in] Apapa. While trucks will still be busy, they will be going to the train station in Ibadan or Kano, and still get their work done. So the train will be a great relief to the road users, and in terms of timely delivery of either finished products or raw materials to industry.”
Similar rail projects in the works, including Ibadan-Kano, Port Harcourt-Maiduguri and Port Harcourt-Calabar standard-gauge lines, should deliver significant growth to the struggling economy. Work the rail line to link the country to Maradi, in northern neighbour Niger, was launched in February. The $3bn Port-Harcourt-Maiduguri line will connect the oil-rich southern city to one of the regions worst-affected by the Boko Haram insurgency.
These projects are part of the government’s attempts to “grow all the sectors of the economy that would improve and increase production,” so said Nigeria’s transportation minister, Rt. Hon Rotimi Amaechi.
A day earlier, on Wednesday, the minister who was already in Lagos for the big event, undertook a last minute inspection tour of the terminals and sub-stations along the 156km route, preparatory to that big event.
Amaechi, accompanied by key officials of the Ministry of Transportation including Dr. Magdalene Ajani, Permanent Secretary; Fidet Okhiria, Managing Director of the Nigerian Railway Corporation among others kick-started the inspection at the Ebute-Metta-Apapa main complex where work has been completed before heading for the Asiwaju Bola Tinubu Complex at the Apapa port.
The Minister expressed satisfaction with the level of work done. Residents of adjourning communities trooped out enmasse as they waved to Amaechi who undertook a train ride across all the stations, inspecting terminals, underpasses and overpasses.
Built by the China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation, CCECC at a cost of $1.5 billion, the double-track standard gauge has 10 sub-stations between Lagos and Ibadan.
Presidential aide, Bashir Ahmad disclosed this about the project in a statement. “Construction started in March 2017, and test-running commenced in December 2020,” he wrote on his Facebook page. “The Ebute Metta Station, known as the Mobolaji Johnson Station, is the largest railway station in West Africa with a holding capacity of 6000 passengers. President Buhari is committed to developing a modern national railway network that will connect every part of Nigeria, and promote trade, travel, tourism, commerce, and national integration.”
The 156km Lagos—Ibadan standard gauge railway line in Lagos is the first double-track standard gauge rail in West Africa, It is also the first Nigerian railway line to be started and finished by the same government, since 1960.
Now as the Buhari government unveils this railway expansion project, Nigeria is planning to spend tens of billions of dollars on its rail network in coming years; with $5bn worth of projects flagged off this year alone. The aim is to cut the spiralling cost of transporting goods around the country, boost property values outside of Lagos, and make travelling around the country safer.
Expectedly, now the slogan seems to be “Catch the train, get to business on time, enjoy the view, leave the car at home – you don’t need it.” The excitement and productivity of the railways is back as railway modernization runs through some of Nigeria’s most stunning landscapes, from the heart of the country in Lagos to the North. The thundering of the train becomes more regular as it snakes through a green landscape, far away from the humdrum grey of concrete roads. Its gently lulling rock-a-bye swing.
Government effort is on renovating the single tracks while building modern standard-guage rails across the country. The first of this modernization is the railway between Abuja-Kaduna railway – long since completed and operational. This is followed by the construction of the 156km of modern tracks connecting the bustling coastal city of Lagos to Nigeria’s third-largest city Ibadan, in the second stage of the government’s railway modernization project. This too has become operational right now. The third will be to link Kano in the northern part of the country to the coastal cities of Port Harcourt and Lagos in the south; it is ongoing.
The Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway is a 1,343 kilometres (835 miles)-long standard gauge railway under construction. Once complete, the railway will connect the Atlantic Ocean port city of Lagos to Kano, near the border with Niger, passing through the national capital of Abuja. There is also the Itakpe-Warri railway, which is also double gauge railway. In fact, this is the first standard gauge railway track in Nigeria. Work started on it over 30 years ago, but it was abandoned. The present government has revived it, and it has become operational now.
Part of the NIIMP is to link the Inland river port at Baro in Niger State to railway as well. This is also an economic hub. You still see relics of colonialism in Baro-UUAC, GBO and PZ warehouses there, signifying the tratrade importance of the place. From Baro, people can go up to Mayana in Kebbi state. One can link Baro, Lokoja, Onitsha through the Niger River. No road links Baro port, but a 40 pound railway which is too small for the present trains. As these railways investments are made, the Nigerian Railway Corporation is ensuring staff welfare, capacity-building for its staff in order to ensure efficiency of its operations on all routes. Engr Fidet Okhiria, Managing Director, Nigerian Railway Corporation is ensuring these.
Engr Okhiria, is a man who combines solid technical skills and strong administrative management experience to efficiently run efficient train service as Managing Director of the Nigerian Railway Corporation. It is this experience and his leadersip culture that made him reappointed as the Managing Director of Nigeria Railway Corporation (NRC), effective from 20th October 2020. He was first appointed as the MD of the corporation on October 24, 2016. Prior to his appointment in 2016, he served as the District Manager and Director of the Corporation.
Mr. Okhiria is a fellow of, Nigerian Institute of Mechanical Engineering (FNIME), Chartered Institute of Transport and Logistics (LCILT), Institute of Strategic Management, Nigeria (FSM), and a Member of the Nigerian Society of Engineers (MNSE).
He joined Nigerian Railway as a pupil engineer , being a young graduate. He started out in the maintenance and operations after going through two years tutelage. Since then he has gone round the system, working in all the seven districts of the Nigerian Railway Corporation. With a series of training both within and outside Nigeria, he has a wealth of experience, which he has brought to bear on the management of the NRC. This explains why there is a mutual understanding and cordial relationship between the NRC management and the two in-house unions, senior staff Association and Nigerian Union of Railway workers. And there has been no strike since he came into office.
Through perceived efficiency in railways service across Nigeria, Mr. Okhiria has become the poster boy of competence and efficiency now, with many fascinated that the glory days of railways are here as passengers are happy. And shippers and importers praise President Buhari for extending the Lagos-Ibadan standard gauge railway to the Apapa port. Railway freight will now ably take over their logistics need, as “30 train wagons can carry what would take 30 trailers to convey,” to use the words of Mr Okhiria.
The Lagos-Ibadan standard gauge rail line will benefit both freight and passengers, according to market watchers, economic experts and transportation analysts. These include Dr Muda Yusuf of the Lagos Chamber of Commerce (LCCI ), Kayode Farinto, National Vice President, Association of Nigeria Licensed Customs Agents (ANLCA), Adenubi, a transport analyst among others.
But not many people know that the original design of the Lagos–Ibadan Standard Gauge Railway terminated at Ebutte meta, Lagos. It was Rotimi Amaechi who insisted that it must be extended to Apapa ports. He was reported to have said it made no economic sense to use billions of dollars to construct it for passengers alone, without taking it to the seaports, where it can be used for freight going to the Inland Dry ports. From there, trailers can pick it to other destinations since railways cannot do door-to-door services. So the minister went back to the Senate to seek approval to extend it to the ports. Result: Lagos-Ibadan standard gauge railways with extension Apapa ports, up to APMT terminals.
Happily now, we have two types of rail lines into the ports- the standard gauge and the narrow gauge. With these done, Apapa gridlock will disappear, Nigerian highways will last longer, more IGR will flow to government through the ICDs. Suddenly, railway has become the darling of experts, shippers, stakeholders and the organized private sector. According to them, rail movement of cargoes will change Nigerian business dynamics in so many ways. First, it will drastically bring down the cost of haulage. As of today, truck movement of cargoes is a major factor behind the very high cost of cargo clearance from Nigeria’s ports of Apapa and Tin Can.
Dr Muda Yusuf Director-General of LCCI, said a functional and modern rail network will facilitate the movement of people and goods and also reduce the cost of transportation, logistics, and freight. While commending the progress made by the current administration in the development of rail transportation, especially in respect of the Abuja-Kaduna rail line, the Itakpe-Ajaokuta-Aladja rail tracks, the Abuja Light Rail system, and the success recorded on the Lagos-Ibadan section of the Lagos-Kano Railway line, the LCCI urged government to expedite actions on the ongoing rail projects across the country to ensure cost-effective logistics for investors across all sectors.
Adenubi a transport analyst observes: “With so many artificial bottlenecks police/security checkpoints littering our highways and the ports’ access roads, the cost of moving cargoes has quadrupled in recent years, making Nigerian ports some of the most expensive in the world to do business. Soon this will disappear with rail. The over-reliance on road haulage has also led to our roads becoming dilapidated. With rail, the pressure on the roads will reduce.”
For passengers, rail travel offers greater security, Adenubi said. “With banditry and kidnapping plaguing our highways, rail movement of passengers will address this because it will be extremely suicidal for anybody to mount checkpoints for a train moving at over 120km per hour.”
For Ola Alabi, there is a lot attention on Ibadan right now. Mr Alabi, a real-estate investor who moved to Nigeria from London a few years ago, the railway line promises a “tremendous” opportunity in terms of demand for property.
“A functional interstate rail system will encourage developers to invest in other states aside from Lagos. It will also encourage new developers and local distributors,” he said from Ibadan, where the promise of the Lagos-Ibadan expressway, as well as the rail line, have guided his investments.
The fact that this government has begun to deliver joy to the people, in railway modernization and services, cannot be over-emphasized. Its achievements in the areas of rail modernization will humble even mythology. And history will long remember his administration for this. So also is Rotimi Amaechi, and Engr Fidet Okhiria.
With its commitments to a functional and modern rail network and railways services that will facilitate the movement of people and goods and also reduce the cost of transportation, logistics, and freight, the Buhari administration has written itself into the reckoning of Nigerians.